Weight Gain in Pregnancy, Maternal Age and Gestational Age in Relation to Fetal Macrosomia

To investigate the possible risk factors related to macrosomia. Pregnant women and their newborns (n = 1041) were recruited from a cohort study in Maternal and Child Care Center of Hefei from January 2011 to July 2012. Questionnaires were applied to collect the demographic data besides the medical records. Detailed health records of the entire pregnancy were obtained using retrospective study. Meanwhile the data of neonatal outcomes was prospectively tracked. Associations between exposure risk factors and macrosomia were analyzed using Pearson's chi squared test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association between these potential predictors and macrosomia. The incidence of macrosomia of this cohort was 11.24% of which male: female = 2.55:1. Male incidence (8.07%)of macrosomia was higher than female (3.17%), p < 0.001. Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (pre-BMI), maternal height, parity were not independently associated with macrosomia; Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that macrosomia was mainly independently associated with weight gain in pregnancy (OR=1.14, 95% CI [1.10-1.19]), maternal age (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.03-1.15]) and gestational age (OR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.31-1.99]), respectively. Our findings indicate that weight gain in pregnancy, maternal age and gestational age should be considered as independent risk factors for macrosomia.

The short-term efficacy of nucleoside analogue on the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the short-term efficacy of nucleoside analogue on the treatment of hepatitis B virus induced acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>348 patients with HBV-ACLF in our hospital from January 2006 to June 2008 were selected. According to the stages of patient's condition and whether or not with nucleoside analogue administration, The patients were divided into early stage therapy group, early stage control group, middle stage therapy group and middle stage control group. Groups were compared on the basis of stages. The clinical data were analyzed using chisquare test and independent-Samples T Test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 2 weeks of therapy no significant difference found between the therapy group and the control group. the total bilirubin (TBil) and alanine transaminase (ALT) showed no significant difference between the middle stage therapy group and the control group in 4 weeks of therapy. However significant differences existed in the HBV DNA negative rate, PTA, the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and the improvement rate between the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Only the 4 week survival rate and HBV DNA negative rate showed significant difference in patients who received anti-virus therapy on the early stage as compared to the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-virus therapy with nucleoside analogue is an effective way for the treatment of those patients with HBV-ACLF and can increase the survival rate.</p>

Study on index of osteoporosis with height-shortening value for self-examination in middle-aged and elderly population / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into the application value of the height shortening value as the self-examination index of the middle-aged and aged group's osteoporosis or reduced bone mineral density in communities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four communities were selected by cluster sampling at random in Changsha city to be the objects of study, among which women were 45 years old or older and men were 60 years old. Difference and the percentage proportion of the height shortening between the height of the research objects which was measured at their youth and the height measured at this study, were calculated. Mineral density of the anteroposterior lumber spine L2-L4, the left femur neck of each object of study with the DPX-IQ dual energy X-ray (DEXA) were both examined. Results examined by DEXA were recognized as "Golden Standards" and different absolute and relative height shortening values were taken as positive cutoff points. Sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index were calculated to draw the receiver operator characteristic curve in order to get the positive cutoff which was most suitable to both sensitivity and specificity, and to calculate the predicative values of that self-examination method among different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>3 cm of height shortened seemed to be the positive cutoff of the self-examination of osteoporosis, and its sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index were 75.4%, 76.7% and 0.521 respectively. 2 cm of height shortened was suggested as the positive cutoff of the self-examination method of reduced bone mineral density, while its sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index were 81.7%, 75.6% and 0.573 respectively. In this self-examination method, positive predicative value was the highest (76.4%; 88.7%) among the women group aged over 65.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Certain height-shortening value could be used as the rough index of screening osteoporosis of reduced bone mineral density, which set a simple and easy way of self-examination for the middle-aged and elderly population.</p>

Hydroxylation of 16alpha, 17alpha-epoxy-4-pregenene-3, 20-dione by Absidia coerulea with pseudo-crystallo feed / 生物工程学报

The 11-hydroxylation of 16alpha,17alpha-epoxy-4-pregenene-3,20-dione as a useful intermediate for the preparation of hormones can be achieved by the mycelium of Absidia coerulea at higher conversion rate than using other strains. In this paper 16alpha,17alpha-epoxy-4-pregenene-3,20-dione mixed with a little water, beta-cyclodextrin, Tween-80 was introduced into the fermentation broth after ultrasonication to increase pseudo-water-solubility of the hydrophobic substrate. This pseudo-crystallo feed could avoid the toxicity of organic solvents and was more available for the microbial transformation. The multi layer feed-forward neural network was used to setup a model which indicated the relationship between medium and feed components and the conversion rate. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), which was a stochastic global optimization algorithm and of which the convergence speed was high, was applied to obtain the optimal concentration of the medium and feed components. At optimum conditions with the pseudo-crystallo feed, the conversion rate of 16alpha,17alpha-epoxy-4-pregenene-3,20-dione at an initial concentration of 10 g/L was 87.5% in shaking flasks. The conversion rate of the substrate was up to 86.6% at higher concentration of 20 g/L feed in a 3.7 L fermentor.

Modelling a penicillin fed-batch fermentation using least squares support vector machines / 生物工程学报

The biochemical processes are usually characterized as seriously time varying and nonlinear dynamic systems. Building their first-principle models are very costly and difficult due to the absence of inherent mechanism and efficient on-line sensors. Furthermore, these detailed and complicated models do not necessary guarantee a good performance in practice. An approach via least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) based on Pensim simulator is proposed for modelling the penicillin fed-batch fermentation process, and the adjustment strategy for parameters of LS-SVM is presented. Based on the proposed modelling method, the predictive models of penicillin concentration, biomass concentration and substrate concentration are obtained by using very limited on-line measurements. The results show that the models established are more accurate and efficient, and suffice for the requirements of control and optimization for biochemical processes.

Different Circles of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined with Colorectal Cancer Operation in Multi-Disciplinary Team / 中国普外基础与临床杂志

0.05),which were (5.64?2.00)d in single-circle group,(5.80?3.74)d in double-circle group,(6.22?2.76)d in triple-circle group.According to the treatment effects,CEA value decreased during pre-and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy in each groups(P0.05).Through our survey,used different neoadjuvant chemotherapy circle,patients in single-circle group and double-circle group were completely accepted within full confidence;but receptance of strategy in triple-circle group was 66.7 %(12/18).All operations were suc- cessful.The difference of postoperative aerofluxus time between single-circle group and double-circle group had sta- tistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion Analyzing neoadjuvant chemo- therapy circles,time between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and operation,treatment effect and operation results,it is a feasible and secure colorectal cancer multi-discipinary strategy for patients in West China that choose the treatment of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with double-circle and short preparation time.